The study results show that although Coriolis and Ultrasonic meters seem like promising technologies for CCS, further verification at relevant conditions is required. The study encompasses a thorough evaluation of the metering market, including first-hand proprietary information, detailed engineering considerations for all subsystems of the experimental facility, and considerations for industrial needs based on undergoing CCS projects and plans. These requirements are then incorporated into the basic design of an experimental facility with focus on operational flexibility, accurate and traceable composition and flow rate, and controlled operating conditions.
The requirements to further verify the potential of such technologies in the context of industrial needs are also examined. The present work provides a benchmarking study, looking into the applicability of various metering technologies for CO2 flow measurements.
In this context, fiscal metering technologies, calibrated and verified for CCS relevant streams, would allow rightful checks and balances in CO2 trade. The EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) directive establishes that emissions captured, transported, and stored are considered as 'not emitted.' Accurate measurements will enable businesses who have implemented CO2 capture to omit buying or selling their CO2 Emission Unit Allowances (EUAs) under the ETS, when transferring the CO2 to geological storages. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) will have to turn into a massive industry in order to play a significant role in the mitigation of anthropogenic climate change.
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